Intersexuality and Transgender Identity as a "Problem" of Participation in Sports Competitions

(Medical and Legal Aspects of Decision-Making Practice)

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.46282/blr.2024.8.1.855

Keywords:

Transgender Person, Intersexuality, Sex Determination Processes, Hyperandrogenism, Testosterone, Discrimination, „Very Weighty Reasons", Arbitration, European Court of Human Rights

Abstract

Amidst a global landscape where transgender individuals face unprecedented challenges in accessing equitable sexual health care, our review breaks new ground by exploring the intricacies of sexual health within the transgender community. Unveiling the critical gaps in current health care practices, our research not only amplifies the voices of those often marginalised in health narratives but also pioneers a comprehensive, culturally sensitive approach to transgender sexual health. The literature review tries to find medical and subsequent legal justifications for PRO and CONS of participation of transgender and intersex athletes in the category of the opposite sex. It tries to analyse which differences in life can be relevant in defining competitive advantages, which nowadays lead to very controversial, often politically motivated conclusions. The opinions of the professional and sports public do not go along with some decisions of sports associations and authorities. It therefore also deals with the recent decision of the European Court of Human Rights in the case of Caster Semenya, as well as the participation of athletes across different sports disciplines and categories. It does not ignore the question of the adequacy of anti-discrimination measures. Furthermore, it evaluates the impact of such participation on the integrity and fairness of competitive sports, highlighting the need for a balanced approach that respects the rights of all athletes. This study stands at the forefront of transforming sexual health care for transgender individuals worldwide.

Author Biographies

  • Andrea Erdősová, Pan-European University in Bratislava

    Faculty of Law
    Tomášikova 20
    821 02 Bratislava, Slovakia
    andrea.erdosova@gmail.com

  • Erik Dosedla, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik

    Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine
    Hospital AGEL Košice-Šaca Inc.
    Lúčna 57, 040 15 Košice-Šaca Slovakia
    erik.dosedla@nke.agel.sk

  • Petra Gašparová, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik

    Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine
    Hospital AGEL Košice-Šaca Inc.
    Lúčna 57, 040 15 Košice-Šaca Slovakia
    petra.gasparova01@nke.agel.sk

  • Zuzana Ballová, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik

    Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine
    Hospital AGEL Košice-Šaca Inc.
    Lúčna 57, 040 15 Košice-Šaca Slovakia
    zuzana.ballova@nke.agel.sk

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Published

07-07-2024

How to Cite

Intersexuality and Transgender Identity as a "Problem" of Participation in Sports Competitions : (Medical and Legal Aspects of Decision-Making Practice). (2024). Bratislava Law Review, 8(1), 83-98. https://doi.org/10.46282/blr.2024.8.1.855

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