Italian Legislative Proposal of Criminalising Bullying
General Critical Considerations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46282/blr.2022.6.2.302Keywords:
Bullying, Cyberbullying, Penal law, Criminalization, Complexity, Systemic approach, ItalyAbstract
The aim of this study is to understand if criminalising bullying is a solution to counter and prevent the phenomenon. The Italian legislative proposal of criminalisation offers hints to discuss about a general problem while underlining that the penal solution is not the answer to solve a complex social problem as bullying (and cyberbullying) is. The creation of a specific crime determines a simplification of the question because it concentrates the attention on the dyad bully-victim, without considering the essential role of the group. Taking into account the role of the group and the relationship between the bully and the group implies a systemic approach.
References
Albertson, A. K. (2014). Criminalizing Bullying: Why Indiana Should Hold the Bully Responsible. Indiana Law Review, 48(1), 243-271, DOI: https://doi.org/10.18060/18396
Aleo, S. (2020). Pensiero causale e pensare complesso. Contributo di un penalista. Pisa: Pacini Giuridica, ISBN 978-88-3379-182-1.
Aleo, S. and Di Nuovo, S. (2011). Responsabilità penale e complessità. Il diritto penale di fronte alle altre scienze sociali. Colpevolezza, imputabilità, pericolosità sociale. Milan: Giuffrè, ISBN 9788814163319.
Arcari, A. and Provantini, K. (2019). Bullismo. Milano: Editrice Bibliografica, ISBN 9788893570480.
Baldry, A. C. (2001). Bullismo a scuola e comportamenti devianti negli adolescenti: possibili fattori di rischio. Rassegna italiana di criminologia, 12(3-4), 375-396, ISSN 1121-1717.
Balloni, A., Bisi, R. and Sette, R. (2019). Criminologia applicata. Milan: Wolters Kluwer, ISBN 9788813368951.
Barlett, C. and Coyne, S. M. (2014). A Meta-Analysis of Sex Differences in Cyber-Bullying Behavior: The Moderating Role of Age. Aggressive Behavior, 40, 474-488, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21555 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21555
Braithwaite, J. (1989). Crime, shame and reintegration. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0521356687. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511804618
Calvanese, E. and Bianchetti, R. (2005). La delinquenza minorile di gruppo: dati di una ricerca presso gli uffici giudiziari di Milano. Cassazione penale, 4, 1416-1436, ISSN 1125-856X.
Christensen, L. M. (2009). Sticks, Stones, and Schoolyard Bullies: Restorative Justice, Mediation and a New Approach to Conflict Resolution in Our Schools. Nevada Law Journal, 9(3), 545-579. Available at: https://scholars.law.unlv.edu/nlj/vol9/iss3/3 (accessed on 15.11.2022).
Civita, A. (2006). Il bullismo come fenomeno sociale. Uno studio tra devianza e disagio minorile. Milan: Franco Angeli, ISBN 9788846482631.
Cosimi, S., Rossetti, A., Affinati, E., Maisano, F. and Pinna, A. (ed.) (2018). Cyberbullismo. Rome: Città Nuova, ISBN 9788831109574.
Dilmaç B. (2009). Psychological Needs as a Predictor of Cyber bullying: a Preliminary Report on College Students. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 9(3), 1307-1325. ISSN 1303-0485.
Farrington, D. P. (1993). Understanding and Preventing Bullying. Crime and Justice, 17, 381-458. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1147555 (accessed on 15.11.2022). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/449217
Fansten, J. (1991). La fracture du myocarde. Paris: Editions Gallimard, ISBN 978-2070565818. Italian translation (1994). Segreti da ragazzi. Milan: Einaudi scuola, ISBN 9788828601906.
Hinduja, S. and Patchin, J. W. (2010). Bullying, Cyberbullying, and Suicide. Archives of Suicide Research, 14(3), 206-221. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13811118.2010.494133 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13811118.2010.494133
Jonas, H. (1979). Das Prinzip Verantwortung. Frankfurt am Main: Insel Verlag, ISBN 9783458049074. Italian translation (1990). Il principio responsabilità. Un’etica per la civiltà tecnologica. Turin: Einaudi, ISBN 8806116703.
Lanza, E. (2021). Bullismo. Fra diritto penale e complessità. Pisa: Pacini Giuridica, ISBN 978-88-3379-385-6.
Lester, L., Cross, D. S., and Shaw, T. M. (2012). Problem behaviours, traditional bullying and cyberbullying among adolescents: Longitudinal analyses. Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties, 17(3-4), 435-447. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13632752.2012.704313 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13632752.2012.704313
McEwan, I. (1994). The Daydreamer. London: Jonathan Cape Ltd, ISBN 9780224036719. Italian translation (1994). L’inventore di sogni. Turin: Einaudi, ISBN 9788806135782.
Menesini, E. (2009). Adolescenti e bullismo scolastico. Minorigiustizia, (4), 107-112. DOI: 10.3280/MG2009-004014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3280/MG2009-004014
Morin, E. (2014). Enseigner à vivre: Manifeste pour changer l’éducation. Arles: Actes Sud Editions, ISBN 9782330034320. Italian translation (2015). Insegnare a vivere. Manifesto per cambiare l’educazione. Milan: Raffaello Cortina Editore, ISBN 9788860307460.
Morineau, J. (1998). L’esprit de la médiation. Toulouse: ERES, ISBN 978-2865866588. Italian translation (2000). Lo spirito della mediazione. Milan: Franco Angeli, ISBN 8846419472.
Moro, A.C. (2019). Manuale di diritto minorile. VI ed. Dossetti, M., Moretti, C., Moretti, M., Morozzo della Rocca, P. and Vittorini Giuliano, S. (eds.). Bologna: Zanichelli, ISBN 978-88-08-82036-5.
Olweus, D. (1978). Aggression in the Schools: Bullies and Whipping Boys. Washington DC: Hemisphere (Wiley). Italian translation (1996). Bullismo a scuola. Ragazzi oppressi, ragazzi che opprimono. Florence: Giunti, ISBN 8809208196.
Rossetti, A. (2018). Bulli, cyberbulli e vittime del bullismo. In: Cosimi, S., Rossetti, A., Affinati, E., Maisano, F. and Pinna, A. (eds.), Cyberbullismo (p. 35). Rome: Città Nuova, ISBN 9788831109574.
Smorti, A. and Ciucci, E. (2000). Narrative Strategies in Bullies and Victims in Italian Schools. Aggressive Behavior, 26(1), 33-48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2337(2000)26:1<33::AID-AB3>3.0.CO;2-Y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2337(2000)26:1<33::AID-AB3>3.0.CO;2-Y
Tefertiller T. (2011). Out of the Principal’s Office and Into the Courtroom: How Should California Approach Criminal Remedies for School Bullying. Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law, 16(1), 168-220. DOI: 10.15779/Z38C032
Van Cleemput, K., Vandebosch, H. and Pabian, S. (2014). Personal Characteristics and Contextual Factors That Determine “Helping,” “Joining In,” and “Doing Nothing” When Witnessing Cyberbullying. Aggressive Behavoir, 40(5), 1-14. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ab.21534 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21534
Weil, S. (1949). L’enracinement. Prélude à une déclaration des devoirs envers l’être humaine. Paris: Editions Gallimard. Italian translation (1996). La prima radice. Preludio a una dichiarazione dei doveri verso l’essere umano. Milan: Leonardo, ISBN 8804408421.
Downloads
Published
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Bratislava Law Review
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The Author(s) transfers copyright to the Article to the Publisher of the Journal by the Licence Agreement.
The Author(s) retains rights specified in the Licence Agreement.
The readers may read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of all of the Article of the Journal and use them for any other lawful purpose under specified Creative Commons Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).