Genesis of Legal Regulation Web and the Model of the Electronic Jurisdiction of the Metaverse
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46282/blr.2022.6.2.316Keywords:
Metaverse, Cyberspace, Electronic personalities, Avatars, Digital Humanoids, Electronic jurisdiction, Web 3.0 , Decentraland, Virtual reality, Augmented reality, AI, ASI, Cyber laws, Laws MetaverseAbstract
The study examines the transformation of scientific views and approaches to the problem of expediency and necessity of legal regulation of public relations, emerging from the evolution of the world system of public electronic resources in the transmission of information and Internet data from Web 1.0, Web 2.0 to Web 3.0. The stages of formation of the role and place of electronic jurisdiction in public relations are also investigated. Legal regulation of modern relations in virtual and augmented reality environments with the use of Web 3.0 technologies is not available today. At the same time, there are precedents for the application of certain provisions of analogue law to address legal uncertainties in the virtual environment, such as establishing ownership of virtual non-property assets, buying/selling of virtual non-property assets, liability for misappropriation of virtual non-property assets, etc. Obviously, the problem of legal regulation by the rules of analogue law in the virtual environment cannot be fully addressed. The solution to this problem is possible by creating a comprehensive e-jurisdiction and developing the Metaverse Grand Charter of Laws to regulate public relations in the meta-universe and to establish new branch of e-law. Given the urgency of the problem, the model of e-jurisdiction Grand Charter of Laws Metaverse is proposed. The model of complex electronic jurisdiction of Metaverse will allow to create basic conceptual apparatus, doctrinal and normative and legal concepts, to define objects and subjects of legal relations in Metaverse, to establish the basic forms of legal relations and mutual relations in Metaverse. This, in turn, will be the basis for reforming analogue legislation, partial interoperability in the digital environment and the development of new regulations in various areas of law and will stimulate the establishment of new e-jurisdiction. The study proposes the construction and basic elements of electronic jurisdiction, mechanisms for the separation of electronic offences and interaction with analogue jurisdictions. E-jurisdiction of the Metaverse Grand Charter of Laws will provide legal regulation of public relations both directly in Metaverse and in public relations related to the analogue and electronic world.
References
Barlow, J. P. (1996). Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace. Available at: https://www.eff.org/cyberspace-independence (accessed on 15.12.2022). DOI: https://doi.org/10.21428/6ffd8432.ea8cd895
Demchak, C. and Dombrowski, P. (2014). Cyber Westphalia: Asserting State Prerogatives in Cyberspace. Georgetown Journal of International Affairs, International Engagement on Cyber III: State Building on a New Frontier 2013-14, 29-38.
Gervassis, N. (2004). From Laws for Cyberspace to Cyber Laws (Literally): Integration of Legal Norms into Internet Protocols and Law for Closed Digital Management Communities. SCRIPT-Ed, 1(2), 259-271. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2966/scrip.010204.259 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2966/scrip.010204.259
Keddell, E. (2019). Algorithmic Justice in Child Protection: Statistical Fairness, Social Justice and the Implications for Practice. Social Sciences, 8(10), 281-303. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci8100281 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci8100281
Kostenko, O. (2021a). Identification Data Management: Legal Regulation and Classification. Scientific Journal of Polonia Universit, 43(6), 198–203. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23856/4325 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23856/4325
Kostenko, O. (2021b). Identyfikatsiia IoT. Juris Europensis Scientia, 1, 77-83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32837/chern.v0i1.177 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32837/chern.v0i1.177
Kostenko O. (2022). Electronic Jurisdiction, Metaverse, Artificial Intelligence, Digital Personality, Digital Avatar, Neural Networks: Theory, Practice, Perspective. World Science, 73(1), 1-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30012022/7751 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30012022/7751
Kyryliuk, O. (2015). Miake Pravo Yak Normatyvna Osnova Hlobalnoho Informatsiinoho Suspilstva. Actual problems of international relations, Release 125 (part I), pp. 106-17. Available at: http://apir.iir.edu.ua/index.php/apmv/article/view/2664/2368 (accessed on 15.12.2022).
Lessig, L. (1998). The Laws of Cyberspace. Taiwan Net ’98 Conference. Available at: https://cyber.harvard.edu/works/lessig/laws_cyberspace.pdf (accessed on 15.12.2022).
Lessig, L. (1999a). Code and other laws of cyberspace. New York: Basic Books.
Lessig, L. (1999b). Code. Version 2.0. New York: Basic Books.
Özgökçeler, D. (2021). The methods and ways of implementation of the metaverse concept that can be transferred to the general audience of its cultural and commercial potential in-converted. Academia.edu. Available at: https://www.academia.edu/70076301/he_Methods_And_Ways_Of_Implementation_Of_The_Metaverse_Concept_That_Can_Be_Transferred_To_The_General_Audience_Of_Its_Cultural_And_Commercial_Potential_In_converted (accessed on 15.12.2022).
Özkahveci, E., Cívek, F. and Ulusoy, G. (2022). Endüstri 5.0 Döneminde Metaverse (Kurgusal Evren)’Ün Yeri. Journal of social, humanities and administrative sciences, 50(8), 398-409. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31589/joshas.929 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31589/JOSHAS.929
Pengfei, Z. (2022). If the metaverse is the future then what is the future of the metaverse? Xinhuanet. Available at: http://www.xinhuanet.com/techpro/20220120/264c62d021974eee81d70c35083ef91a/c.html (accessed on 15.12.2022).
Pu, Q. L., Pang, Y., Peng, B., Hu, C. J., and Zhang, A. Y. (2022). Metaverse report— Future is here. Global XR indurstry insight. Available at: https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/cn/Documents/technology-media-telecommunications/deloitte-cn-tmt-metaverse-report-en-220321.pdf (accessed on 15.12.2022).
Razmetaeva, Y., Ponomarova, H., and Bylya-Sabadash, I. (2021). Jurisdictional Issues in the Digital Age. Ius Humani. Law Journal, 10(1), 167-183. DOI: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31207/ih.v10i1.240 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31207/ih.v10i1.240
Razmetaeva, Y. and Razmetaev, S. (2021). Justice in the Digital Age: Technological Solutions, Hidden Threats and Enticing Opportunities. Access to Justice in Eastern Europe, 2(10) 104–117. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33327/AJEE-18-4.2-a000061 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33327/AJEE-18-4.2-a000061
Riek, M. and Böhme, R. (2018). The costs of consumer-facing cybercrime: an empirical exploration of measurement issues and estimates. Journal of Cybersecurity, 4(1), 2057-2085. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/cybsec/tyy004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/cybsec/tyy004
Segura-Serrano, A. (2006). Internet Regulation and the Role of International Law. In A. von Bogdandy and R. Wolfrum, (eds.), Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law, Volume 10 (pp. 191-272). Leiden: Brill. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/138946306783559931
Shaoying, P., Pengzhi, C., Xinru, F., Lifu, Q., Junhui, H., and Liwen, J. (2022). Ten conjectures: Interpretation of the development trend of the most comprehensive metaverse. IT Times. Available at: https://m.jiemian.com/article/7078158.html (accessed on 15.12.2022).
Shumskiy, I. (2020). The Westphalian System as the Origin of the New Modern System of International Relations. International Law Almanac, 23(10), 81-86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32841/ila.2020.23.10 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32841/ILA.2020.23.10
Tsaugourias, N. (2018). Law, Borders and the Territorialisation of Cyberspace. Indonesian Journal of International Law, 15(4). DOI: https://doi.org/10.17304/ijil.vol15.4.738 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17304/ijil.vol15.4.738
Vartanian, T. (2000). Whose Laws Rule the Internet? A U.S. Perspective on the Law of Jurisdiction in Cyberspace. International Law FORUM du droit international, 2(3), 96–201. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/157180400322765009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/157180400322765009
Viseu, A. (2001). Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace. By Lawrence Lessig. Canadian Journal of Communication, 26(1), 179-180. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22230/cjc.2001v26n1a1208
Wyss, J. (2021). Barbados Is Opening a Diplomatic Embassy in the Metaverse. Bloomberg. Available at: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-12-14/barbados-tries-digital-diplomacy-with-planned-metaverse-embassy?leadSource=uverify%20wall (accessed on 15.12.2022). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/nba.31077
Zhang, D., Mishra, S., Brynjolfsson, E., Etchemendy, J., Ganguli, D., Grosz, B., Lyons, T., Manyika, J., Niebles, J. C., Sellitto, M., Shoham, Y., Clark, J., and Perrault, R. (2021). Artificial Intelligence Index Report 2021.
Zhang, D., Maslej, N., Brynjolfsson, E., Etchemendy, J., Lyons, T., Manyika, J., Ngo, H., Niebles, J. C., Sellitto, M., Sakhaee, E., Shoham, Y., Clark, J., and Perrault, R. (2022). Artificial Intelligence Index Report 2022.
EU, Regulation on The Protection of Natural Persons with Regard to The Processing of Personal Data and on The Free Movement of Such Data, and Repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) (2016).
France, Act Relating to Data Processing, Files and Freedoms (1978).
India, Information Technology Act (2000).
Israel, The Computer Law (1995).
Ukraine, Act on Protection of Information in Information and Communication Systems (1994).
Ukraine, Act on Electronic Trust Services (2017).
Ukraine, Act on The Main Principles of Ensuring Cyber Security of Ukraine (2017).
Ukraine, Act on Critical Infrastructure (2022).
Ukraine, Act on Virtual Assets (2022).
Ukraine, Order of The Cabinet of Ministers on The Approval of The Concept of The Development of Artificial Intelligence in Ukraine (2020).
United Kingdom, Computer Misuse Act (1990).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Bratislava Law Review
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The Author(s) transfers copyright to the Article to the Publisher of the Journal by the Licence Agreement.
The Author(s) retains rights specified in the Licence Agreement.
The readers may read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of all of the Article of the Journal and use them for any other lawful purpose under specified Creative Commons Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
